Re: Lecture 56-57: Cervical Fascia and Spaces - True False

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: Lecture 56-57: Cervical Fascia Answers (Alexis, Laura, Lexi, Opeyemi, Kristina, David) : 1. The superficial cervical fascia, but not the prevertebral or the pretracheal fascia, envelops the strap muscles. : - true : 2. The axillary artery, but not the subclavian vein passes through the interscalene triangle. : • true ⇒ subclavian vein is superficial : 3. The posterior scalene muscle is the posterior boundary of the interscalene triangle. : • false ⇒ posterior boundary is middle scalene muscle : 4. The superficial cervical fascia has a superior attachment at the superior nuchal line. : • true : 5. Posterior to the buccopharyngeal fascia and anterior to the alar layer of prevertebral fascia is the "danger" space. : • false ⇒ the alar layer is anterior to the danger space, not the other way around, also prevertebral layer of deep cervical fascia is deep to the danger space : 6. Immediately anterior to the alar layer of prevertebral fascia is the retropharyngeal space. : • true : 7. The carotid sheath receives contributes from each of the named deep cervical fasciae. : • true : 8. The vagus nerve, within the carotid sheath, lies anterior to the common carotid artery. : • false ⇒ vagus lies posterior to the common carotid artery within the sheath : 9. The internal jugular vein, within the carotid sheath, lies lateral to the common carotid artery. : • true : 10. The prevertebral fascia splits in either side of the manubrium and forms the suprasternal space. : • false ⇒ superficial cervical fascia : 11. The superficial cervical fascia is deep cervical fascia. : • true : 12. The long thoracic nerve typically pierces the posterior scalene muscle inferior to the dorsal scapular nerve. : • false ⇒ goes anterior to the posterior scalene : 13. The most inferior attachment of the superficial cervical fascia, at the vertebral spines, is at the spine of the second thoracic vertebra. : • false ⇒ attaches to acromion : 14. The tracheoesphageal groove is within the pretracheal fascia. : • true : 15. The spinal accessory nerve enters the posterior triangle superior to the supraclavicular nerves. : • true : 16. The phrenic nerve crosses the anterior scalene deep to pretracheal fascia. : • true : 17. The inferior thyroid artery passes the posterior aspect of the carotid sheath. : • true : 18. The suprascapular and transverse cervical arteries cross the anterior scalene superficial to the prevertebral fascia. : • true : 19. The axillary sheath is a diverticulum of the prevertebral fascia. : • true : 20. The external jugular vein is formed by the confluence of the retromandibular vein and the facial vein. : • false ⇒ retromandibular v. & post. auricular v. : 21. The maxillary vein, by way of the pterygoid venous plexus, communicates with the cavernous sinus. : • true : 22. Veins of the orbit provide communication between the region of the face and the cavernous sinus. : • true : 23. The facial vein and its tributaries are considered to be valveless. : • true : 24. The interval between the heads of origin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle provides a surface landmark for accessing the subclavian artery. : • true : 25. Infection within the pretracheal space may spread to the superior mediastinum. : • true : 26. Infection within the retropharyngeal space may spread to the posterior mediastinum. : • true : 27. Infection within the "danger" space may spread throughout the abdominopelvic cavity. : • false ⇒ stops at T12 : 28. An intraoral object (toothbrush or pencil) that penetrates the "throat" might sever the internal carotid artery, introduce infection into the retropharyngeal space, and introduce infection into the "danger" space. : • true

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